Prohibited and reserved terms

Summary

• Nature of prohibited and reserved terms
• Domains and second-level domains concerned
• About the list of prohibited and reserved terms
• Non-exhaustive list of prohibited and reserved terms

Nature of prohibited and reserved terms

The list of the basic terms is divided in two parts:

Prohibited terms

They cannot be attributed due their nature, without the agreement of the AFNIC's Board of Directors.

Eg.: insulting, racist or obscene terms or terms relating to crimes or infractions.
Synonyms and terms with ethymologic similarities will also be refused.

Reserved terms

They can only be attributed under particular conditions bound by the owner identity and its rights.

Eg.: technical Internet terms, the names of regulated professions, terms relating to State functioning, the names of the countries that have signed the Paris Convention or terms used for international organizations as well as the names of the French cities as published in their canonical form (i.e. in their simplest form possible, without dash or apostrophe) by the INSEE-The National Statistical and Economic Studies Institute.

More information about names of the French cities and "canonical form(s)":

• The official list of the names of the French cities used to determine the reserved domain names is available on the INSEE website.

• Example of the canonical form:
  
  
  • Name of the city as in the INSEE list:
    (L') ABERGEMENT-CLEMENCIAT / (L') Abergement-Clémenciat/
    
    
  • Canonical form(s):
    abergementclemenciat (with the article) and labergementclemenciat (without the article)
    
    
  • Other reserved forms:
    abergement-clemenciat, labergement-clemenciat, aber-gement-clemenciat, la-berge-ment-cle-menciat, etc.
    
    
  • Non-reserved forms (when a caracter minimum is different from the canonical form(s):
    labergemanclemenciat, la-bergementclefmensiat, abergementclemenciat92, etc.

Domains and second-level domains concerned

The reserved terms will not be delegated under .fr, .com.fr and .asso.fr. Thow and except for the names of the French cities, they might be delegated under the only .gouv.fr and .tm.fr zones, under justification.

About the list of prohibited and reserved terms

It is reminded that this list may evolve because of any decision from the Board of Directors, of the autorities' decision or because of the evolution of Internet or the reglementation.

According to the Naming charters, any term can become a foundamental term at after any administrative act or even autorativly and be pre-empted or recovered by AFNIC without any compensation and withing a sufficient delay to assume its migration.

The opposable list of prohibited and reserved terms is the one available on AFNIC web site on the day it receive the administrative act sent by the registrar.

AFNIC reminds you that this online list does not include all prohibited and reserved terms because some of them would be shocking or awkard.

AFNIC can send to its members (only) the complete list⁽¹⁾ of prohibited and reserved terms after receiving a written demand.

(1): except for the list of the names of the French cities that is available on the INSEE website.

Non-exhaustive list of prohibited and reserved terms

Countries

afrique-du-sud, afrique-dusud, afriquedu-sud, afriquedusud, albanie, algerie, allemagne, angleterre, antigua, argentine, armenie, australie, autriche, azerbaidjan, bahrein, bangladesh, barbade, belarus, belgique, belize, benin, bolivie, bosnie-herzegovine, bosnieherzegovine, botswana, bresil, bulgarie, burkina-faso, burkinafaso, burundi, cambodge, cameroun, canada, centrafique, chili, chine, colombie, congo, coree, coree-du-nord, coree-du-sud, coree-dunord, coree-dusud, coreedu-nord, coreedu-sud, coreedunord, coreedusud, costa-rica, costarica, cote-d-ivoire, cote-divoire, coted-ivoire, cotedivoire, coteivoire, croatie, cuba, danemark, dominique, egypte, el-salvador, elsalvador, emirats-arabes-unis, emirats-arabesunis, emiratsarabes-unis, emiratsarabesunis, equateur, espagne, estonie, etats-unis, etats-unis-d-amerique, etatsunis, federation-de-russie, federation-derussie, federationde-russie, federationderussie, finlande, gabon, gambie, georgie, ghana, grande-bretagne, grandebretagne, grece, grenade, grenadines, guatemala, guinee, guinee-bissau, guinee-equatoriale, guineebissau, guineeequatoriale, guyana, haiti, hollande, honduras, hongrie, inde, indonesie, iran, iraq, irlande, islande, israel, italie, jamahiriya-arabe-libyenne, jamaique, japon, jordanie, kazakhstan, kenya, kirghizistan, laos, lesotho, lettonie, liban, liberia, libye, liechtenstein, lituanie, luxembourg, madagascar, malaisie, malawi, mali, malte, maroc, maurice, mauritanie, mexique, monaco, mongolie, mozambique, nevis, nicaragua, niger, nigeria, norvege, nouvelle-guinee, nouvelle-zelande, nouvelleguinee, nouvellezelande, oman, ouganda, ouzbekistan, panama, papouasie-nouvelle-guinee, papouasie-nouvelleguinee, papouasienouvelle-guinee, papouasienouvelleguinee, paraguay, pays-bas, paysbas, perou, philippines, pologne, portugal, republique-arabe-syrienne, republique-arabesyrienne, republique-centrafricaine, republique-de-coree, republique-de-moldova, republique-decoree, republique-democratique-du-congo, republique-democratique-ducongo, republique-democratique-populaire-laos, republique-dominicaine, republique-islamique-d-iran, republique-populaire-democratique-de-coree, republique-tcheque, republique-unie-de-tanzanie, republique-yougoslave-de-macedoine, republique-yougoslave-demacedoine, republique-yougoslavede-macedoine, republiquearabe-syrienne, republiquearabesyrienne, republiquecentrafricaine, republiquede-coree, republiquede-moldova, republiquedecoree, republiquedemocratique-du-congo, republiquedemocratiqueducongo, republiquedemoldova, republiquedominicaine, republiquetcheque, republiqueyougoslave-de-macedoine, republiqueyougoslavede-macedoine, republiqueyougoslavedemacedoine, roumanie, royaume-uni, royaumeuni, rwanda, saint-kitts, saint-kitts-et-nevis, saint-marin, saint-siege, saint-vincent-et-les-grenadines, sainte-lucie, saintelucie, saintkittnevis, saintkitts, saintkitts-et-nevis, saintkittsetnevis, saintmarin, saintsiege, salvador, sao-tome-et-principe, sao-tome-principe, saotome-et-principe, saotome-principe, saotomeetetprincipe, saotomeprincipe, senegal, sierra-leone, sierraleone, singapour, slovaquie, slovenie, soudan, sri-lanka, srilanka, suede, suisse, suriname, swaziland, syrie, tadjikistan, tanzanie, tchad, togo, trinite-et-tobago, trinite-ettobago, triniteet-tobago, triniteettobago, tunisie, turkmenistan, turquie, ukraine, uruguay, usa, vatican, venezuela, viet-nam, vietnam, yougoslavie, zambie, zimbabwe

Crimes

abus-de-pouvoir, abusdepouvoir, antisemite, antisemites, antisemitisme, antisemitismes, arme, armes, aryen, atrocite, atrocites, barbarie, barbaries, barbarisme, barbarismes, bombardement, bombardements, bombe, bombes, camp-de-concentration, camp-de-concentrations, camp-deconcentration, camp-deconcentrations, campde-concentration, campde-concentrations, campdeconcentration, campdeconcentrations, camps-de-concentration, camps-de-concentrations, camps-deconcentration, camps-deconcentrations, campsde-concentration, campsde-concentrations, campsdeconcentration, campsdeconcentrations, carabine, carabines, carnage, carnages, chambre-a-gaz, chambre-agaz, chambrea-gaz, chambreagaz, chambres-a-gaz, chambres-agaz, chambresa-gaz, chambresagaz, chemise-brune, chemise-brunes, chemise-noire, chemisebrune, chemisebrunes, chemisenoire, chemises-brune, chemises-brunes, chemises-noires, chemisesbrune, chemisesbrunes, chemisesnoires, collaboration, collaborations, combat, combats, courdassise, croix-gammee, croix-gammees, croixgammee, croixgammees, deportation, deportations, epuration-ethnique, epurationethnique, epurations-ethniques, epurationsethniques, espion, espionnage, espionnages, espionner, espions, ethnocide, ethnocides, etoile-jaune, etoile-jaunes, etoilejaune, etoilejaunes, etoiles-jaune, etoiles-jaunes, etoilesjaune, etoilesjaunes, eugenisme, eugenismes, explosif, explosifs, extermination, exterminations, fascisme, fascismes, fasciste, fascistes, fausse-monnaie, fausse-monnaies, faussemonnaie, faussemonnaies, fausses-monnaie, fausses-monnaies, faussesmonnaie, faussesmonnaies, faux, four-crematoire, four-crematoires, fourcrematoire, fourcrematoires, fours-crematoire, fours-crematoires, fourscrematoire, fourscrematoires, fuhrer, fuhrers, fusil, fusils, genocide, genocides, gestapo, guerre, guerre-civile, guerre-civiles, guerre-froide, guerre-froides, guerrecivile, guerreciviles, guerrefroide, guerrefroides, guerres, guerres-civile, guerres-civiles, guerres-froide, guerres-froides, guerrescivile, guerresciviles, guerresfroide, guerresfroides, hitler, hitlerien, hitleriens, hitlerisme, hitlerismes, hitlers, holocauste, holocaustes, insurrection, insurrections, kapo, kristallnacht, mafia, massacre, massacrer, massacres, mein-kampf, meinkampf, mercenaire, mercenaires, milice, milices, mussolini, nazi, nazis, nazisme, nazismes, neonazisme, neonazismes, pogrom, pogroms, profanation, profanations, profaner, purification, purifications, rebellion, rebellions, revisionnisme, revisionnismes, revolver, revolvers, sabotage, sabotages, saboteur, saboteurs, securite, securites, shoah, shoahs, svatiska, terreur, terreurs, terrorisme, terrorismes, terroriste, terroristes, trahison, trahisons, traitre, traitres, waffen-ss, waffenss, xenophobe, xenophobes, xenophobie

Freedoms

abbe, abbes, allah, association, associations, bible, bouddha, bouddhisme, bouddhismes, brahmanisme, brahmanismes, catholicisme, catholicismes, catholique, catholiques, charia, chretien, chretiens, christianisme, christianismes, confucianisme, confucianismes, coran, culte, cultes, culture, cultures, cure, cures, diable, diables, diacre, diacres, dieu, dieux, droit, droit-de-l-homme, droit-de-la-defense, droit-de-lhomme, droit-del-homme, droitde-l-homme, droitde-lhomme, droitdeladefense, droitdelhomme, droits, eglise, eglises, emploi, emplois, envoutement, envoutements, envouter, eveque, eveques, expression, expressions, greve, greves, hindouisme, hindouismes, hindouiste, hindouistes, imam, imams, islam, islamisme, islamismes, islamiste, islamistes, islams, jainisme, jainismes, judaisme, judaismes, juif, juifs, laicite, laicites, liberte, manicheisme, manicheismes, manifestation, manifestations, mazdeisme, mazdeismes, mosquee, mosquees, musulman, musulmans, oratoire, oratoires, pasteur, pasteurs, propriete, proprietes, protestant, protestantisme, protestantismes, protestants, rabbin, rabbins, religion, religions, sanctuaire, sanctuaires, sante, santes, satan, satanique, sataniques, satanisme, satans, secte, sectes, shintoisme, shintoismes, social, sociaux, solidarite, solidarites, sorcellerie, sorcelleries, sorcier, sorciers, surete, synagogue, synagogues, syndicalisme, syndicalismes, syndicat, syndicats, tantrisme, tantrismes, taoisme, taoismes, temple, temples, testament, testaments, travail, vaudou, vedisme, vedismes, youde

Health

absinthe, absinthes, acid, acide, acides, acids, alcool, alcoolisme, alcoolismes, alcools, amphetamine, amphetamines, anabolisant, anabolisants, avortement, avortements, barrette, barrettes, came, canabis, cannabis, cellule, clone, cobaye, cobayes, cocaine, cocaines, coke, cokes, corps, crack, cracks, dealer, dealers, defonce, defoncer, defonces, dopage, dopages, dope, dopes, drogue, drogues, ecstasy, embryon, embryons, fecondation, fiv, fix, foetus, fumette, fumettes, gammette, gammettes, genetique, genetiques, genome, genomes, greffe, greffes, hachisch, hachischs, herbe, herbes, heroine, heroines, insemination, inseminations, ivg, ivresse, ivresses, joint, joints, junkie, junkies, lsd, marijuana, marijuanas, medicament, medicaments, mere-porteuse, mere-porteuses, mereporteuse, mereporteuses, meres-porteuse, meres-porteuses, meresporteuse, meresporteuses, morphine, morphines, narcotique, narcotiques, narcotrafiquant, narcotrafiquants, opium, organe, organes, overdose, overdoses, pharmacie, pharmacies, poppers, poudre, poudres, sang, schnouf, schnoufs, shit, shoot, shoots, stup, stupefiant, stupefiants, stups, tabac, tabacs, tabagisme, tabagismes, toxicomanie, toxicomanies, transplantation, transplantations

International Organisations

asean, bird, bit, casque-bleu, casque-bleus, casquebleu, casquebleus, casques-bleu, casques-bleus, casquesbleu, casquesbleus, ceca, cee, cij, cjce, cnuced, euratom, fao, gatt, gmi, kafor, kfor, nato, ocde, ofce, omi, omm, ompi, oms, ong, onu, opep, otan, oua, pnud, tpi, uit, uncitral, unidir, unrwa, wipo, xxunesco

Internet Organisations

apnic, arin, centr, iab, iana, icann, iesg, ietf, internic, nic, registrar, registrars, registries, registry, ripe, w3, w3c

Internet Protocols

acap, afs, anycast, arpanet, arpanets, chap, courriel, courriels, courrier-electronique, courrierelectronique, courriers-electroniques, courrierselectroniques, darpa, data, dav, dhcp, dns, e-164, e-mail, e164, email, enum, epp, extranet, extranets, file, finger, ftp, gopher, html, http, icmp, ident, igmp, imap, in-addr, internet, internets, intranet, intranets, ip, ipng, ipsec, ipv4, ipv6, ldap, mail, mailserver, mailservers, mailto, mime, multicast, nfs, nntp, osi, pop, pop3, postmaster, postmasters, prospero, rfc, rtfm, rtsp, smtp, tcp, tcp-ip, tcpip, telnet, tftp, tip, tn3270, unicast, uri, url, vemmi, wais, webmaster, webmasters, whois, wml, www, x400, x42d, x500, xhtml, xml

Offences

abus-d-autorite, abus-dautorite, abus-de-confiance, abus-de-faiblesse, abus-deconfiance, abus-defaiblesse, abusd-autorite, abusdautorite, abusde-confiance, abusde-faiblesse, abusdeconfiance, abusdefaiblesse, agression, agressions, arnaque, arnaquer, arnaques, assassin, assassinat, assassinats, assassiner, assassins, attentat, attentats, banditisme, banditismes, bigamie, bigamies, bizutage, bizutages, blanchiment, blanchiments, blessure, blessures, boycott, boycottage, boycottages, boycotts, braconnage, braconnages, braconner, braquage, braquages, calomnie, calomnies, cambriolage, cambriolages, chantage, chantages, chouraver, clandestin, clandestins, complot, comploter, complots, concussion, concussions, conspiration, conspirations, contravention, contraventions, contrebande, contrebandes, contrefacon, contrefacons, corruption, corruptions, coup, coups, crime, crimes, criminel, criminels, debauche, debauches, delit, delits, destruction, destructions, detournement, detournements, diffamation, diffamations, effraction, effractions, emeute, emeutes, empoisonnement, empoisonnements, empoisonner, enlevement, enlevements, escroquerie, escroqueries, excision, excisions, execution, executions, exhibitionnisme, exhibitionnismes, extorquer, extorsion, extorsions, falsification, falsifications, faussaire, faussaires, fratricide, fratricides, fraude, frauder, fraudes, gangster, gansters, harcelement, harcelements, harceler, hold-up, holdup, homicide, homicides, incendiaire, incendiaires, incendie, incendies, inceste, incestes, infanticide, infanticides, infraction, infractions, injure, injures, intrusion, intrusions, kidnappeur, kidnappeurs, kidnapping, kidnappings, kill, killer, killers, killeur, killeurs, malfaiteur, malfaiteurs, malveillance, malveillances, malversation, malversations, manoeuvre, manoeuvres, matricide, matricides, meurtre, meurtres, meurtrier, meurtriers, offense, offenses, otage, otages, outrage, outrages, parricide, parricides, pedophile, pedophiles, pedophilie, pedophilies, pervers, pervertion, pervertions, pillage, pillages, piller, pilleur, pilleurs, piratage, piratages, pirate, pirater, piraterie, pirateries, pirates, poison, polygame, polygames, polygamie, polygamies, prostitution, prostitutions, provocation, provocations, proxenete, proxenetes, proxenetisme, proxenetismes, pyromane, pyromanes, racket, racketer, rackets, racoler, racoleur, racoleurs, rancon, ranconner, rancons, rapt, rapts, recel, receleur, receleurs, recels, recidive, recidives, regicide, regicides, scelerat, scelerats, sequestration, sequestrations, sequestrer, spoliation, spoliations, subornation, subornations, suicide, suicides, tentative, tentatives, trafic, trafic-d-influence, trafic-dinfluence, traficd-influence, traficdinfluence, trafics, trafiquant, trafiquants, tromperie, tromperies, tuer, tuerie, tueries, tueur, tueurs, usurpation, usurpations, viol, violation, violations, violence, violer, violeur, violeurs, viols, vol, voler, voleur, voleurs, vols, zoophilie

Regulated Businesses

aeroport, aeroports, aoc, architecte, architectes, artisan, artisans, assedic, assedics, asso, assos, avocat, avocats, avoue, avoues, barreau, barreaux, chirurgien, chirurgien-dentiste, chirurgien-dentistes, chirurgiendentiste, chirurgiendentistes, chirurgiens, chirurgiens-dentiste, chirurgiens-dentistes, chirurgiensdentiste, chirurgiensdentistes, dentiste, dentistes, docteur, docteurs, expert-comptable, expert-comptables, expertcomptable, expertcomptables, experts-comptable, experts-comptables, expertscomptable, expertscomptables, generaliste, generalistes, geometre, geometre-expert, geometre-experts, geometreexpert, geometreexperts, geometres, geometres-expert, geometres-experts, geometresexpert, geometresexperts, huissier, huissier-de-justice, huissier-de-justices, huissier-justice, huissier-justices, huissierdejustice, huissierdejustices, huissierjustice, huissierjustices, huissiers, huissiers-de-justice, huissiers-de-justices, huissiers-justice, huissiers-justices, huissiersdejustice, huissiersdejustices, huissiersjustice, huissiersjustices, kinesitherapeute, kinesitherapeutes, kinesitherapie, kinesitherapies, maitre-artisan, maitreartisan, maitres-artisan, maitresartisans, masseur, masseur-kinesitherapeute, masseur-kinesitherapeutes, masseurs, masseurs-kinesitherapeute, masseurs-kinesitherapeutes, masseurskinesitherapeutes, medecin, medecins, noms, notaire, notaires, pedicure, pedicures, pharmacien, pharmaciens, podologue, podologues, port, ports, prd, presse, presses, sage-femme, sage-femmes, sagefemme, sagefemmes, sages-femme, sages-femmes, sagesfemme, sagesfemmes, veterinaire, veterinaires

State

academie, academies, administration, administrations, ambassade, ambassades, armee, armees, assemblee, assemblee-generale, assemblee-generales, assembleegenerale, assembleegenerales, assemblees, assemblees-generale, assemblees-generales, assembleesgenerale, assembleesgenerales, canton, cantonal, cantonale, cantonales, cantons, cent, centime, centimes, cents, citoyen, citoyenne, citoyennes, citoyennete, citoyennetes, citoyens, college, colleges, commune, communes, conseil-general, conseil-generaux, conseil-regional, conseil-regionaux, conseilgeneral, conseilgeneraux, conseilregional, conseilregionaux, conseils-general, conseils-generaux, conseils-regional, conseils-regionaux, conseilsgeneral, conseilsgeneraux, conseilsregional, conseilsregionaux, constitution, constitutions, cour-d-appel, cour-d-assise, courdappel, cstifrance, decret, decrets, democratie, democraties, departement, departements, depute, deputes, drapeau, drapeaux, ecole, ecoles, egalite, egalites, election, elections, elire, enfant, enfants, entente-cordiale, ententecordiale, ententes-cordiales, ententescordiales, etat, etats, euro, euros, fisc, fiscs, franc, france-allemagne, franceallemagne, francs, fraternite, fraternites, gendarme, gendarmerie, gendarmeries, gendarmes, gouvernance, gouvernances, gouvernement, gouvernements, hotel-de-ville, hotel-de-villes, hotel-deville, hotel-devilles, hotelde-ville, hotelde-villes, hoteldeville, hoteldevilles, hotels-de-ville, hotels-de-villes, hotels-deville, hotels-devilles, hotelsde-ville, hotelsde-villes, hotelsdeville, hotelsdevilles, impot, impots, juge, juges, jurisprudence, jurisprudences, justice, justices, loi, lois, lycee, lycees, magistrat, magistrats, maire, maires, mairie, mairies, marine-nationale, marinenationale, marseillaise, marseillaises, mineur, mineurs, ministere, ministeres, ministre, ministres, monnaie, monnaies, municipal, municipale, municipales, nation, nations, opinion-publique, opinion-publiques, opinionpublique, opinionpubliques, opinions-publique, opinions-publiques, opinionspublique, opinionspubliques, parlementaire, parlementaires, parlements, parti, partis, penal, police, polices, policier, policiers, politique, politiques, pompier, pompiers, prefecture, prefectures, prefet, prefets, premier-ministre, premier-ministres, premierministre, premierministres, premiers-ministre, premiers-ministres, premiersministre, premiersministres, president, president-de-la-republique, president-de-larepublique, president-dela-republiqe, president-dela-republique, president-delarepublique, presidentde-la-republique, presidentde-larepublique, presidentdela-republique, presidentdelarepublique, presidentiel, presidentielle, presidentielles, presidentiels, presidents, proces, putsch, putschs, region, regions, republique, republique-francaise, republiquefrancaise, republiques, sapeur-pompier, sapeur-pompiers, sapeurpompier, sapeurpompiers, sapeurs-pompier, sapeurs-pompiers, sapeurspompier, sapeurspompiers, senat, sous-prefecture, sous-prefectures, sousprefecture, sousprefectures, souverainete, tribunal, tribunaux, tva, universite, universites, vote, voter, votes

Structures

agence, agences, cabinet, cabinets, comite-entreprise, comiteentreprise, comites-entreprises, comitesentreprises, confederation, confederations, cooperative, cooperatives, corporation, corporations, entreprise, entreprises, epa, epic, epst, etablissement, etablissements, eurl, federation, federations, filiale, filiales, fondation, fondations, gie, gip, groupe, groupes, holding, holdings, institut, instituts, pme, rcs, reunions, sarl, sas, sca, scea, sci, scp, scs, sep, siren, sirene, siret, snc, societe, societes, srl, ssii, ssiis, statut, statuts, succursale, succursales, union, unions

Values

bordel, bordels, bourreau, bourreaux, cadavre, cadavres, colonisation, croix-celtique, croixceltique, croixceltiques, crouille, crouilles, discrimination, esclavage, esclavagisme, esclave, esclaves, macchabee, macchabees, maison-close, maison-closes, maisonclose, maisoncloses, maisons-close, maisons-closes, maisonsclose, maisonscloses, martyre, martyres, martyriser, mort, morts, mutilation, persecuter, persecution, persecutions, prisonnier, prisonniers, race, races, racisme, racismes, raciste, racistes, sadique, sadiques, sadisme, sadismes, sevice, sevices, supplice, supplices, tortionnaire, tortionnaires, torture, tortures, traite, traites, travesti, travestis

gTLD

aero, arpa, biz, cctld, cctlds, com, coop, edu, firm, gov, gtld, gtlds, info, int, mil, museum, name, net, nom, org, pro, rec, store, tmk, web