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- Brands answer the call to the 2nd ‘Cercle des .marque’ event
- Analysis of the .RE
- About the attack on French ISPs’ DNS resolvers
- Using Afnic open data : example with the term COVID
- Hosting a domain name with compound characters
- Eligibility of a holder located in the United Kingdom post Brexit
- Can compound characters be used in a domain name?
- Functioning of Afnic during lockdown
- Which Top Level Domains have an IP address?
- Lala Andriamampianina, may you rest in peace
- Resolutions for 2020: Afnic goes elliptic
- 6 tips to prevent your website from being hacked
- In search of low-cost nTLDs
- Exploring the city through the .paris community
- .org - an alternative perspective
- Looking back on the success of the first meeting of the Cercle des .marque
- Key success factors for Internet extensions: an evaluation grid
- [Video] Conclusions on the Internet Governance Forum (IGF) France 2019
- A brief example of using Afnic Open Data
- Food for thought on the "new TLD" business models
- 30 years of success and danger: the Web, URLs and the future
- [Success stories] Strengthen your infrastructure to suit your ambitions
- February 1, 2019: is the DNS going to shake?
- [Success stories] They chose to have their own TLD
- [Success stories] .museum, how a historic Internet suffix was revived
- The main steps in effectively launching your .brand
- 6 secrets on how to improve the renewal of domain names
- [Video] Back to IGF 2018 in Paris
- A .BRAND to enhance customer experience
- Afnic commits to DNS security at the international level
- Replacement of the KSK of the root zone: Are you ready?
- How the SNCF implemented its new digital strategy with oui.sncf
- Franco-Dutch research project on automatic classification of domain name abuse
- The auditive memorization of domain names
- What are the possible actions against domain name abuses?
- Identity theft by domain name: what Afnic does
- Cybersquatting, Spam, Phishing… the different types of domain name abuses
- [Video] Review of the French Internet Governance Forum 2018
- Custom Internet extensions: the opportunities for brands
- How to avoid inadmissibility in the SYRELI procedure
- Which English terms are most used in .FR domain names?
- Domain name security, the example of cryptocurrencies
- What are the terms most used in .fr domain names?
- Personality test: Are you ready for GDPR?
- Do GeoTLDs like .alsace have an effect on local SEO?
- The 11 vital locations to display your domain name!
- What means of action for a Right-holder ineligible under the Naming Policy?
- Domain name litigation: the recognition of an AOC rights in the SYRELI procedure
- Why choose a domain name under a geoTLD?
- Afnic, a community first and foremost!
- The defense of personality rights in the SYRELI procedure
- When will the next round of the new gTLDs take place?
- A million good reasons for coming to the Afnic Forum...
- Yeti DNS-over-TLS public resolver
- 2016, the beginning of a new cycle for Afnic
- .fr has just passed the 3 million domain names milestone
- My experience inside the Afnic Legal Department
- Future of ICANN Privatization? Internationalization? Supervision?
- Excellence at Afnic - Our coming-out
- Speech at the transmittal of the IANA Stewardship Transition Plan
- Exclusive offer: 100% money back on your domain name*!
- 8 tips for choosing the right domain name
- IPv6 and DNSSEC are respectively 20 and 19 years old. Same fight and challenges?
- L.45-2 paragraph 1 of the CPCE: When a domain name disrupts the French law
- How to avoid getting your domain name stolen by email?
- Accountability and IANA transition: behind the scenes
- Stop selling domain names!
- abc.xyz : erratum.xyz
- A comprehensive approach to French regional branding
- abc.xyz : Meanwhile, back in France…
- abc.xyz: Why not alphabet.com? (The conspiracy theory version)
- abc.xyz : The controversial success of .xyz
- Corporate Communications, Constant Crisis
- abc.xyz : Why not alphabet.com ?
- alphabet.xyz : How Alphabet got its domain name
- abc.xyz : Don't worry, we're still getting used to the name too!
- IANA transition crosses a major milestone in Buenos Aires
- A day in the life of the Icann empowered community
- IANA transition : the machine is moving, but the deadline is approaching
- Corporate Social Responsibility and the DNA of ccTLDs
- China Changing in Leaps and Bounds
- Towards a less intrusive DNS
- ICANN: what does accountability stand for?
- ICANN Singapore. A debate at the other end of the world
- ICANN Reform, or opening Pandora's box
- Internet Governance Forum: What is to be done?
- Slam spam!
- Icann : freeze !
- Scams and identity theft, the experience of a SYRELI reporter
- French Regional Reform Does Not Mean the End of GeoTLDs
- Lessons Learnt from NETmundial
- Suggestions for a successful IANA transition
- Wind of change at Afnic!
- Back to the future of the Afnic Legal Service
- The US Backs ICANN for Internet Governance
- Should the registrars streamline their gTLD strategy?
- The IANA elephant in the room
- 2014 : change of course for the naming system
- Why do regions want a place online?
- What can Afnic do?
- Internet governance: let’s get to work!
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FAQ
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Glossary
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Certificates
Which Top Level Domains have an IP address?
25 February 2020 - By Stéphane Bortzmeyer
Does the hyperlink http://dk/ work? Yes. How? Because .dk (Denmark) is one of the rare Top Level Domains (TLDs) to have an IP address.
As you can see from DNS clients like dig, as well as online services like DNS Looking Glass, the .dk (Denmark) TLD has an IP address. Something that is both mundane (assigning IP addresses to names is one of the main uses of DNS) and rare, because TLDs usually do not contain information, but transfer to second-level domains.
Which Top Level Domains have an IP address?
- .ai (Anguilla)
- .bh (Bahrain)
- .cm (Cameroon)
- .dk (Denmark, already mentioned)
- .gg (Guernsey)
- .je (Jersey)
- .pn (Pitcairn)
- .tk (Tokelau)
- .uz (Uzbekistan)
- .va (Vatican)
- .ws (Samoa)
- .мон (Mongolia)
Note that none of the TLDs managed by ICANN appear in this list. This is because ICANN prohibits the allocation of an IP address at the apex (the root of a DNS zone). See “Applicant Guidebook”, section 2.2.3.3, “TLD Zone Contents”.
Only one IDN (Unicode domain name) is included on the list: Mongolia. Two of the domain names listed, Denmark and Vatican have IPv6 addresses, while the others use the last century IP version, IPv4. The Pope’s TLD is one step ahead, as it is the only one to only use IPv6.
Can these TLDs use all of the services of IP addresses? Unfortunately not, due to application limits. For example, some Internet browsers have difficulty with URLs (web addresses) if the domain name only contains a single label. And it’s worse for email addresses: most email servers refuse the addresses name@tld, or will try to complete them with the local domain name. Having an IP address on a TLD is therefore good fun, but not particularly useful. Even more so given that this information is not always well handled. For example, .cm has an address, but no HTTP server responds to this address.
For those programmers interested, the code used for this short study is available online. It is written in Python.
Note that the programme needs to be robust, and continue to work even if some TLDs do not. This is currently the case for .ss (South Sudan), entirely down for the last few days due notably to expired DNSSEC signatures.
Is this domain
available ?
News
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